Past continuous and past simple

Past continuous and past simple

Do you know how to use the past continuous and past simple? Test what you know with interactive exercises and read the explanation to help you.

Look at these examples to see how the past continuous and past simple are used.

When I woke up this morning, it was snowing.
I was sleeping when you called me.

Try this exercise to test your grammar.

Read the explanation to learn more.

Grammar explanation

The past continuous and the past simple help us to show how two past actions or situations are connected.

Past simple

The past simple shows us that an action was in the past, not in the present. Regular past simple verbs have -ed at the end (e.g. called, played, arrived). Irregular verbs have a different form, usually with a different vowel sound (e.g. wake woke, break broke, feel felt).

My parents called me yesterday.
I woke up early this morning.
Sam played basketball when he was at university.

We make the negative with didn't and the infinitive verb.

My parents didn't call me yesterday.
I didn't wake up early this morning.

We make the question form with did and then the subject and infinitive verb.

Did you wake up early this morning?
Did Sam play basketball when he was at university?

Past continuous

The past continuous shows us that the action was already in progress at a certain time in the past.

What were you doing at 8 p.m. last night? I was studying.

This means that I started studying before 8 p.m. and I continued after 8 p.m.

The past continuous can also show that an activity was in progress for some time, not just for a moment.

We were cleaning the house all morning.

We make the past continuous with was or were and the -ing form of the verb.

She couldn't come to the party. She was working.
Three years ago, we were living in my home town.
I tried to give him some advice, but he wasn't listening.
What were you doing this time last year?

Past continuous and past simple

When we use these two tenses together, it shows us that the past simple action happened in the middle of the past continuous action, while it was in progress.

While I was studying, I suddenly felt sleepy.

We often use these tenses to show an action interrupting another action.

I broke my leg when I was skiing.
As I was going to work, I saw an old friend.
We were watching television when the power went off.

Can you see a difference in the meaning of these two sentences?

When the guests arrived, Jane was cooking dinner.
When the guests arrived, Jane cooked dinner.

In the first one, Jane started cooking dinner before the guests arrived. We know that because it uses the past continuous. In the second sentence, the guests arrived first and then Jane started cooking.

Do this exercise to test your grammar again.

Average: 4 (293 votes)

Submitted by ismetsezer on Sat, 01/11/2025 - 08:48

Permalink

Hi, I am new English Learner. 

Question: 

She cooked dinner(Past Simple, Action 1). Guests arrived(Past Simple, Action 2). They were eating dinner together(Past Continuous , Action 3 ). 

Is that right ? 

 

 

Hi ismetsezer,

When we want to show a sequence of activities we use past simple for each, so the third action here should be 'They ate dinner together'.

We use past continuous when an action is not finished at a particular time or when another action happens. For example:

She cooked dinner. Guests arrived. They were eating dinner together when suddenly there was a power failure and the room went dark!

 

Peter

The LearnEnglish Team

Submitted by mohammadaldalaeen on Sun, 28/09/2025 - 19:08

Permalink

I had so much fun, when i was playing with you guys. 

Profile picture for user MounirBr44

Submitted by MounirBr44 on Fri, 01/08/2025 - 14:22

Permalink

One day, my father asked me:

 -I saw you driving down the High Street ,in hurry, yesterday. Where were you going

I told him:

 -My boss called me to dealing with an urgent problem.

He said:

I was really worried about you. 

Submitted by jasmine.katib on Thu, 31/07/2025 - 02:02

Permalink

They _____ the shop when I got there, so I couldn't go in and buy anything.

already closed

were already closing

can someone explain please, why 1st choice is wrong? and why 2nd choice is right?

Hello jasmine.katib,

There are two possibilities here. Either the shop closed before I got there or it was in the process of closing. aIn the first situation we would use the past perfect and not the past simple in order to show a completed action (closing the shop) before another action (my arrival). In the second we would use the past continuous to show an action in progress (closing the shop) when another action happens (my arrival):

They had already closed the shop when I got there, so I couldn't go in and buy anything. [it was done before I arrived]

They were already closing the shop when I got there, so I couldn't go in and buy anything. [they were locking the door when I arrived]

 

Peter

The LearnEnglish Team

Hello Fabrice's,

...already closed... is not correct.

...were already closing... is correct

...had already closed... is also possible

 

Peter

The LearnEnglish Team

Profile picture for user Nelia16

Submitted by Nelia16 on Wed, 30/07/2025 - 15:07

Permalink
  1. I was cleaning my room when my friend came to me.
  2. They were swimming at the pool a lot of hours.
  3. He watched a movie while his mother was cooking a dinner.